If you alter a function by adding or subtracting a constant to the end of the expression, then the graph will slide up (down if subtracting) If you alter the x value by altering the expression in close to the x with addition or subtraction the graph will slide left or right.
Vertical translations (sliding up or down) go up when adding and down when subtracting as you would expect it to.
Horizontal translations are the oppoof what you might expect. A (x-h) will shift the graph right, while a (x+k) will shift the graph left.
