Answer:
The net charge on each lysine molecule would be -1.
Explanation:
- <u>When the pH is above 2.2</u> the deprotonated form of the carboxylic acid is more present, while the amino group and side chain (which is also amino) remain protonated (with a positive charge):
R-COOH ↔ R-COO⁻
R-NH₃⁺
R'-NH₃⁺
Net charge = +1
- <u>When pH is above 9.0</u>, the carboxyl group remains deprotonated, while the amino group is deprotonated and the side chain is protonated:
R-COOH ↔ R-COO⁻
R-NH₂
R'-NH₃⁺
Net charge = 0
- <u>When pH is above 10.5</u>, the carboxyl group remains deprotonated, while both the amino group and the side chain are deprotonated:
R-COOH ↔ R-COO⁻
R-NH₂
R'-NH₂
Net charge = -1
So at pH=13 (which is above 10.5) the net charge is -1.
<u>Answer:</u> From the given gases, the greatest rate of effusion is of 
<u>Explanation:</u>
Rate of effusion of a gas is determined by a law known as Graham's Law.
This law states that the rate of effusion or diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas. The equation given by this law follows:

It is visible that molar mass is inversely related to rate of effusion. So, the gas having lowest molar mass will have the highest rate of effusion.
For the given gases:
Molar mass of 
Molar mass of 
Molar mass of 
Molar mass of 
Molar mass of 
The molar mass of methane gas is the lowest. Thus, it will have the greatest rate of effusion.
Hence, the greatest rate of effusion is of 
Answer:
Alkane
Explanation:
Definition of Alkane "any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons including methane, ethane, propane, and higher members. (google dictionary)"
CH4 is methane.
They are called spectator ions.