Answer:

Explanation:
Given
--- starting index
Required
Change the starting index to 
We have:

To change the starting index to k, we simply rewrite as:

<em>In this case; k=1; so, the starting index will be: </em>
<em />
Answer:
The answer is (a).Presentation Layer
Explanation:
This layer is located at the 6th level of the OSI model, responsible for delivering and formatting the information to the upper layer for further processing. This service is needed because different types of computer uses different data representation. The presentation layer handles issues related to data presentation and transport, including encryption,translation and compression.
I suggest you get a adapter from the old video input to HDMI