A person can avoid polarization by
spreading awareness among people about the significance about the unity. By giving motivational speeches or by sticking posters around.
B.problem progressively becomes worse so the tension rises
Ummm it would help if I knew who Louie was.
"Et al" would be the Latin phrase that is used with the primary author's name when a book has more than three authors, the reason why this Latin phrase is used is because this means "and others" that refers to the other authors that wrote the book.