"A. Mutations" is a factor in how a species can change over time. Natural selection selects these random mutations for survival based on how fit they make their host to the environment.
Explanation:
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Answer:
The microbes thriving in acidic environments are termed as acidophiles, and these range from eukaryotes to bacteria and archaea, which are mainly found in diverse acidic surroundings like sulfuric geysers and pools, in the human stomach, and in the regions that get polluted by acid mine drainage.
The mentioned case is not entirely correct as the protons found in the acidic surroundings are not utilized for the generation of ATP as they are not originating from within the cell. In order to sustain their internal acidic pH, the acidophiles exhibit adaptations like the presence of the negatively charged proteins on the surfaces of their membranes so that they can prevent deterioration due to acidic surroundings.
Answer:
K+
Explanation:
Leak channels are the gated channels that randomly open and close. The plasma membranes have many more potassium ion (K+) leak channels than the leak channels for other ions such as sodium ion. Also, the potassium ion leak channels are leakier than the sodium leak channels and allow exit of more and more K+ from the neurons. This makes the inside the neuron negative at rest and outside becomes more positive. In this way, the leakage of K+ across the K+ leak channels is mainly responsible for maintaining the resting potential.
Answer: Around 37.2 trillion cells
