Which statement best explains why a third domain, Archaea, was added to the original two domains of Bacteria and Eukarya?

A science researcher has developed a computer model of the process of DNA replication in a eukaryotic cell. The model includes t

wel

Answer: Identify the promoter and the stop signal (terminator).

Explanation:

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. This information is used for the synthesis of proteins that make up the body and carry out vital functions of the organism.

The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure, where each strand has a central part formed by sugars (deoxyribose in the case of DNA) and phosphate groups. The four basic components of DNA are nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The nucleotides are joined together (A to T and G to C) by chemical bonds and form base pairs that connect the two strands of DNA. Depending on the sequence of nucleotides (which have different bases), different proteins are synthesized.

DNA replication consists of synthesizing another identical DNA molecule, using enzymes called polymerases, which are molecules specifically dedicated only to copy DNA. Transcription, on the other hand, is the process by which a copy of messenger RNA (mRNA) is generated from the sequence of a gene in the DNA. This RNA molecule leaves the cell nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, where it directs protein synthesis (a polymer made up of many amino acids).

Protein synthesis, or translation, involves translating the sequence of an mRNA molecule into an amino acid sequence during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding sequence of amino acids it encodes. To begin translation, a start codon (set of 3 bases) must first be identified, which is usually AUG that also codes for the amino acid methionine. Then, the codons that follow are read and the corresponding amino acids are added according to the genetic code. The transfer RNA (tRNA) is complementary to the anticodon at specific codons in the messenger RNA and carries the amino acid coding for the codon. In addition, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is an RNA that is part of ribosomes and is essential for protein synthesis in all living things. rRNAs form the framework of ribosomes and associate with specific proteins to form ribosomal pre-subunits. To finish the translation, a termination codon has to be read, which can be UGA, UAG or UAA.

To revise the model to show transcription to form mRNA, the research should identify the promoter and the stop signal. The promoter is a DNA sequence required to turn a gene on or off. The transcription process starts at the promoter which is usually located near the beginning of a gene and has a binding site for the enzyme that is used to make a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The enzyme RNA polymerase will keep doing the transcription until it reaches a sequence of DNA that is signal which indicates it should stop. This process is called termination, and it happens once the enzyme reaches this sequence, called terminator.

8 0

3 years ago

Ruby's father has curly hair and her mother has straight hair. Ruby, however, has wavy hair. What could be the reason for this?.

aliina [53]

The reason behind this is that Ruby inherited both alleles, which are incompletely dominant. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option or option "C". I hope that this is the answer that has actually come to your great help.

6 0

4 years ago

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What is the weight of the air that is pressing down on us at sea level, in pounds per square inch?

horrorfan [7]

Answer:it hard

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Explanation:

kjukyjg

8 0

2 years ago

What is the purpose of the Line of defense

rusak2 [61]

Answer:

The three lines of defense model enhances the understanding of risk management and control by clarifying roles and duties. The model provides guidance for the implemented structure and the assigned roles and responsibilities of parties to increase the effective management of risk and control

Explanation:

the first line of defence – functions that own and manage risk. the second line of defence – functions that oversee or specialise in risk management, compliance. the third line of defence – functions that provide independent assurance, above all internal audit.

7 0

3 years ago

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Why do organisms without oxygen need to convert pyruvate to lactate?

IrinaK [193]

The question is incomplete. The complete question is:

Question: Why do organisms without oxygen need to convert pyruvate to lactate?

A) because pyruvate is toxic to the cells

B) in order to regenerate NAD+

C) in order to use lactate in the citric acid cycle

D) because lactate is needed to produce ATP

Answer:

B) in order to regenerate NAD+

Explanation:

Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) are the aerobic stages of cellular respiration. ETC regenerates NAD+ and FAD+ by oxidation of NADH and FADH2 produced during glycolysis and Kreb's cycle. Here, oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor.

Glycolytic reactions use NAD+ as an electron acceptor and produce NADH. Therefore, a constant supply of NAD+ is required to sustain glycolysis. In absence of oxygen, ETC cannot occur and organisms convert pyruvate into lactate. Pyruvate is reduced in lactate and NADH serves as the electron donor. Thereby, lactate fermentation regenerates NAD+ to continue the process of glycolysis.

3 0

3 years ago