Answer:
The fertility factor or the F factor signifies a plasmid in some bacteria, which allows the conduction of genetic substance from a donor cell to the recipient by the process of conjugation, leading to recombination.
The genotypic difference between the F- cells, F+ cells, and the Hfr cells are that the F- cells are devoid of the F factor, the F+ cells possess autonomous F factor, that is, a segment of DNA, which can replicate autonomously in the cell. In case of Hfr, the F factor is integrated into its chromosomal DNA, thus, they carry an integrated F factor.
Answer:
Protein (enzymes), Lipids (fatty acids), Carbohydrates (sugar), Nucleic Acid (DNA, RNA)
Explanation:
Answer;
- Endotoxin
Explanation;
-Endotoxins are part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin is invariably associated with Gram-negative bacteria whether the organisms are pathogenic or not.
-They are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative.
Answer: t= -1.60
Explanation:
Let 
be the population mean weight of pigs.
As per given , we have
Sample size : n= 16
Sample mean =
Sample standard deviation : 
<em>Since the population standard deviation is not known so the test is a</em><em> t-test.</em>
Test statistic for population mean : 
(Substitute all the values.)
Hence, the value of the test statistic needed to test the null hypothesis : t= -1.60
The correct option is (a) 2 → 4 → 1 → 3
A change occurs in the environment. → Poorly adapted individuals have decreased survivorship. → Well-adapted individuals leave more offspring than do poorly adapted individuals. → Genetic frequencies within the population change.
<h3>
What is genetic variation in population?</h3>
- The presence of various alleles, or different gene versions, within a population indicates genetic variety.
- If there is genetic variation, then everybody in the population will have various genotypes depending on the alleles they carry.
- Genetic loci that have many alleles are said to be polymorphic. Human characteristics like blood type and eye color, for instance, are polymorphic.
Learn more about the genetic variation with the help of the given link:
brainly.com/question/848479
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