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Not all infectious disease terms are created equal, though often they’re mistakenly used interchangeably. The distinction between the words “pandemic,” “epidemic,” and “endemic” is regularly blurred, even by medical experts. This is because the definition of each term is fluid and changes as diseases become more or less prevalent over time.
While conversational use of these words might not require precise definitions, knowing the difference is important to help you better understand public health news and appropriate public health responses.
Let’s start with basic definitions:
AN EPIDEMIC is a disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region.
A PANDEMIC is an epidemic that’s spread over multiple countries or continents.
ENDEMIC is something that belongs to a particular people or country.
AN OUTBREAK is a greater-than-anticipated increase in the number of endemic cases. It can also be a single case in a new area. If it’s not quickly controlled, an outbreak can become an epidemic.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the occurrence and types of neoplasias that have developed in patients submitted to orthotopic heart transplantation in the Cardiac Transplantation Program of the Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo.
METHODS: The present study presents an observational analysis of 106 patients submitted to orthotopic heart transplantation from November 1986 to September 2002, who survived for more than 30 days after the procedure. The immunosuppressive regimen consisted of triple therapy with cyclosporin A, azathioprine and corticosteroid. Only two patients received, in addition to triple therapy, the addition of orthoclone OKT-3. The mean follow-up period was 61.4 months. (variation from two months to 192 months).
RESULTS: Twenty-three patients (21.3%) developed neoplasias, of which 56.5% had skin neoplasms, 30.1% had solid tumors and 13.4% had post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). The mean interval between transplantation and the diagnosis of neoplasia was: skin - 54.9 months, solid tumors - 24.8 months and DLPT - 70.3 months.
CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of malignant neoplasms was relatively common in the analyzed population. Skin cancer prevailed in relation to other neoplasms and solid tumors were more diagnosed than lymphoproliferative diseases in this series of patients.
Answer:
both, it's a balance between to opposite to become one
