Answer:
See explanation and images attached
Explanation:
a) In the mechanism for the acid catalysed esterification of propanoic acid using ethanol, we can see that the first step is the protonation of the acid followed by nucleophillic attack of the alcohol. Loss of water and consequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst. We can see the fate of the 18O labelled ethanol in the mechanism shown.
b) In the second mechanism, an unnamed ester is hydrolysed using an acid catalyst. The attack of the acid and subsequent nucleophillic attack of water labelled with 18O leads to the incorporation of this 18O into the product acid as shown in the mechanism attached to this answer.
Answer: D. New data must be found to support it
When a theory is disproved by other further evidence, it is just proper to look for new data to support the theory until it is proven otherwise. It cannot be considered a failure right away but cannot be part of the scientifi knowledge too and more not to become a law.
Answer:
B. particles in an object move faster
Explanation:
At higher temperatures, particles in an object moves faster.
Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.
- At higher temperature, the substance is very hot.
- Temperature is related to the heat energy content of a body
- As the temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the particles of system increases more and more.
- This is in compliance with the kinetic molecular theory of matter.
- Therefore, at higher temperatures, particles in an object move faster.
Answer:
validity is the extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure. It is vital for a test to be valid in order for the results to be accurately applied and interpreted.
Explanation:
Validity is important because it can help determine what types of tests to use, and help to make sure researchers are using methods that are not only ethical, and cost-effective, but also a method that truly measures the idea or constructs in question.
