Answer: Friedrich Hayek’s work The Road to Serfdom argued that centralized Economic Planning ultimately threatened liberty. Conservatives used this book to justify a reduced role for the state in the economy, by equating fascism and socialism with the New Deal.
Explanation: Frederick Hayek in his book <em>The Road to Serfdom</em>, published in 1944, criticized government involvement in the market seeing it as a system that leads to loss of individual freedom.
Centralized Economic planning is key to socialism as a method to ensure equality, but Hayek argued that central planning forces the will of a few people on the public. This is not socialism but dictatorship.
Conservatives, who favored a reduced government role in economic planning quoted this book and equated the New deal with fascism. The New Deal was a program designed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to revive the economy after the Great Depression.
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The smaller states saw the Virginia plan as slanted more in the favor of the larger states, as it would have the House and Senate elected by proportions, which would heavily favor largely populated states like Virginia. The New Jersey Plan was proposed to counter it, which would have a Senate that elected one Senator from each state. The Connecticut Compromise was reached, which created a Senate that elected 2 Senators per state, and the House, which was based on proportion. This way, everyone got part of what they wanted.