Electrons are the thing in the outer energy levels
Most of the common inorganic polyatomic ions<span> have negative </span>charges<span>. This means the </span>ion has<span> more electrons than the neutral atoms that are in the </span>ion<span>. A </span>polyatomic ion<span> like phosphate, PO</span>43- has three<span> extra electrons beyond the electrons on the P and O atoms. Got this off google sorry if it doesn't help you :(</span>
The correct answer for #8 is:
C. The original pattern of the light is distorted.
Answer: The final temperature of both substances at thermal equilibrium is 301.0 K
Explanation:
As we know that,
![m_1\times c_1\times (T_{final}-T_1)=-[m_2\times c_2\times (T_{final}-T_2)]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=m_1%5Ctimes%20c_1%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7Bfinal%7D-T_1%29%3D-%5Bm_2%5Ctimes%20c_2%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7Bfinal%7D-T_2%29%5D)
.................(1)
where,
q = heat absorbed or released
= mass of gold = 31.5 g
= mass of water = 63.4 g
= final temperature = ?
= temperature of gold = 
= temperature of water = 
= specific heat of gold = 
= specific heat of water= 
Now put all the given values in equation (1), we get
![-31.5\times 0.129\times (T_{final}-342.4)=[63.4\times 4.184\times (T_{final}-300.4)]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-31.5%5Ctimes%200.129%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7Bfinal%7D-342.4%29%3D%5B63.4%5Ctimes%204.184%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7Bfinal%7D-300.4%29%5D)
The final temperature of both substances at thermal equilibrium is 301.0 K
