Answer:
All three nations were governed by monarchs, and the people wanted change. monarchy is when a place is governed by a king or/and queen. The people don't like it because the kings and the queens are unfair or bad. like the Russian monarchy turned into being communism monarchy.
Egypt's natural boundaries consist of more than 2,900 kilometers of coastline along the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Red Sea. Egypt has land boundaries with Israel, Libya, Sudan, and the Gaza Strip, a Palestinian area formerly administered by Egypt and occupied by Israel since 1967.
<span>Political power shifted from the central government to local notables and military strongmen.
</span>
This led to civil wars in the kingdoms that furthermore weakened the initially powerful governments. The weak central governments could also not withstand the emerging imperialistic pressures from western powers. As a result the empires crashed one by one, and parts of their territories were taken over by the major imperial powers.
<span />
I believe the answer is C. I know for sure it is not A or B.
I hope my answer helps :)