Proteins that are functionally less important for the survival of an organism generally evolve faster than more important proteins.
Proteins serve as the building blocks for all of life's essential processes. The proteins evolve along with the genes that create them, adding new functionality or features that may potentially result in the development of new species.
The mutation of amino acid-coding nucleotides and the stabilization of novel variations in the population are the two phases required for protein evolution.
The stability of a protein's folded structure, how well it prevents aggregation, and how well it is chaperoned all affect how quickly it evolves. According to the studies, the degree of a protein's expression has a greater influence on its evolutionary rate than does the protein's functional significance.
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*This is to help figure it out, you don't learn if I flat out give you the answer*
The new viruses burst out of the host cell during a process called lysis, which kills the host cell. Some viruses take a portion of the host's membrane during the lysis process to form an envelope around the capsid.
The answer would be A—the molecular formula given is that of a long-chain, saturated fatty acid, which would be insoluble in water (i.e., hydrophobic).
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B describes carbohydrates, which can function as a storage of energy (e.g., starch or glycogen) or structural components (e.g., cellulose). The three examples just given are polymers of glucose, a monosaccharide; monosaccharide generally have the empirical formula CH2O; this is not the empirical formula of the given molecule (and, in any case, there are too few oxygen atoms for the number of carbon atoms), and so B is incorrect.
C describes an amino acid, likely an α-amino acid, which consist of a central, saturated carbon bonded to amino (—NH2) and carboxyl (—C(=O)OH) functional groups and a variable side chain, which determines the amino acid’s properties. Since the formula of an amino acid must contain nitrogen, which the formula given doesn’t have, the molecule couldn’t be an amino acid, and so C is incorrect.
D describes nucleic acids. Examples include DNA and RNA; nucleic acids and the nucleotide monomers that comprise them contain a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. The given molecule’s formula has neither nitrogen nor phosphorus, and so cannot represent an amino acid, making D incorrect.
An increase in insulating atmospheric gasses (e.g. carbon dioxide)
