Answer:
d. Gemmulation involves providing a resistant layer of cells for a capsule; fragmentation is merely breaking off chunks of tissue to grow a new organism
Explanation:
Gemmulation and fragmentation are both a type of asexual reproduction. Gemmulation starts when mass of cell which is produced asexually that are capable of producing a new organism.
These mass of cells gets surrounded by a protective covering which provide a resistant layer of cell and the structure is called gemmule.
In fragmentation, the parent body part breaks from the whole body and gives rise to a new organism. For example in planaria. So the correct answer is d.
The correct answer is: 4) Standing defenses are always present; induced defenses develop in response to a threat
Induced defense is defense that can be changed or invoked when needed. Induced defenses are slow to happen. When invoked, induced defense requires energy but otherwise doesn’t.
Standing defense is always there. It is use, for example when predation is a constant threat.
Answer:
Mammal
Explanation:
A mammal is any any animal that is warm-blooded, gets milk from its mother, and is born alive, etc. Therefore a Cetacean should be considered a mammal.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
curdling of milk is a chemical change.
Explanation:
because it formed by a chemical process of fermentation. moreover, a chemical change is a change that can't be reversed. This process can't be reversed as well so it's a chemical change
IDK.
I don't know.
I don't understand the question.
