Answer:
2 i think .... soooooooo confusing
Given our understanding of the mechanisms behind genetic expression, we can confirm that when comparing skin cells to kidney cells, the only correct option is option 4 which states that the cells "<u><em>transcribe many different genes</em></u>".
The human genome encodes for <em><u>every gene in the human body</u></em>. This genome sequence is stored in the chromosomes of cells. These chromosomes are identical for every single cell in the human body. Therefore, every cell contains the same DNA, genes, and transcription factors in its chromosomes.
What allows each cell type in the human body the ability to differentiate from one another and complete vastly different functions is the way in which these genes are expressed. Though every cell contains the entire genetic code, only some genes for each cell are transcribed, which results in a different combination of proteins in each cell and leads to the difference between skin and kidney cells (as just one of many examples).
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Bacteria found in the roots of legumes(beans) do nitrogen fixation.
The conduction of nerve impulses relies upon the movement of positively-charged ions across the nerve cell membrane. The entry of sodium into the cell produces a wave of positive charge that travels down the length of an axon. Then chemicals called neurotransmitters are secreted out of the end of the axon onto the next nerve in the series (the postsynpatic nerve). This narrow space in between neurons is called the synapse. These neurotransmiiters released by the presynaptic nerve bind to receptors on the postsynaptic nerve. The binding of these receptors opens up channels in this second nerve's membrane that allow sodium ions to enter the nerve cell and initiate another wave of positive charge, and so on... The nerve signal can only move as fast as these ions and neurotransmitters can diffuse to generate this process.
<span>As a professional athlete repeats a given activity many times over, the nerve cells "upregulate" their receptors, meaning that they produce additional receptors to put in the membrane. This is just a natural reaction to the nerve being repeatedly stimulated in the same way over and over. When neurotransmitter is secreted from the presynaptic neuron, there are more receptors on the postsynaptic neuron for it to bind, more channels open up, more ions enter in a shorter time and build up positive charge to create the impulse faster, and so the overall effect is faster. </span>
<span>Additionally, there are sheaths of fatty tissue (called myelin) that insulate the charge in the neuron and allow it to be conducted faster. As people age, these sheaths can start to degrade, making the nerve cell more "leaky" and causing the impulse to be conducted more slowly. </span>
Depending on the letters selected, I will use A for normal and a for albinism. the genotype is Aa
