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lilavasa [31]
2 years ago
9

Will mark brainliest if the answer is correct: ""how does the presence of reptilian and mammalian nephrons provide evidence for

the relatedness of birds and other vertebrates?""
Biology
1 answer:
Varvara68 [4.7K]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Nephrons in birds, mammals, and reptiles are all extremely similar, more so than other structures in the bodies of different species, solidifying the relatedness through similarity.

Explanation:

Birds can be said to have "mammal-like" nephrons from the number of loops and overall structure of their kidneys, which, although they look very different, serve the same purpose and do it in largely the same way. Reptiles also have mammal-like nephrons, and it can be assumed that this evolutionary trait was kept because the specific structure of the nephrons is generally the most efficient.

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Explanation:

Diffusion is the process by which molecules move across a membrane respective of the concentration gradient. The plasma membrane is a <em>selectively permeable membrane</em> which allows specific molecules to move across the concentration gradient.  

Molecules migrate from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration in case of diffusion. It can be classified into simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. These are examples of <em>passive transport</em>.

In facilitated diffusion molecules move across the concentration gradient with the help of <em>carrier proteins or channel proteins</em>. The carrier proteins bind to the molecule which has to be transported and change conformation to allow it to cross the membrane. For example glucose molecule is carried across through <em>GLUT transporter</em>. <em>Channel proteins</em> open a channel inside the membrane and molecules get transported across the gradient.

Active transport carries molecules against the concentration gradient with the assist of energy. ATP hydrolysis is utilized to generate energy. As a result of active transport, the molecules are aggregated on one side of the membrane.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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