Answer:
the olfactory epithelium
Explanation:
There are several protective features of the respiratory system which is responsible for stopping the less aggressive pathogens. Some of these protective features are:
Hairs in nose which trap pathogens like bacteria, virus from entering the lungs. The respiratory tract has mucus which is responsible for trapping the microbes and mucus have IgA antibodies which helps in eliminating these microbes. Alveolar macrophages engulf the pathogen and digest them
Olfactory is not a protective feature of the respiratory system and is responsible and adapted to detect the odor and transfer this signal to the brain.
D. Both A and B is the correct answer
It could be cooled which would then cause it to become over-saturated resulting in condensation that would return the air to a saturated state. Over-saturated air, with a humidity greater than 100%, is unstable, causing changes to restore stability. Hope this helps!
Answer:
Adaptive immune responses are triggered by activation of antigen-specific T cells that produce antibodies against foreign antigens such as, for example, harmful viruses. These immune responses are useful to eliminate dangerous molecules from the body. In a normal immune reaction, the antibodies produced by T-cells target antigen molecules in order to be subsequently absorbed by phagocytic macrophage cells.
Autoimmune diseases are triggered by the response of the adaptive immune system against self-antigen molecules. Since the immune system can not eliminate antigens from the own body, this immune reaction generates an excessive inflammatory response, and it may lead to the damage of tissues and organs.
