When the Europeans arrived, carrying germs which thrived in dense, semi-urban populations, the indigenous people of the Americas were effectively doomed.
Answer and Explanation:
The processing phase of system theory refers to the ability of a single system to create itself, forming boundaries and defining a complete objective before interacting with other systems. These limits and goals are largely influenced by non-formal institutions, as these two elements are formed thanks to the creation of rules, beliefs and concepts that non-formal institutions establish in a community. Thus, we can conclude that the main point of processing a system is influenced by concepts and ideas created by non-formal institutions. In this case, it is incorrect to state that non-formal institutions do not have a role to play in the processing phase of systems theory.
<span>Criminality can be a response to the rules of the governing body. For example, thieves may be responding to taxation or lack of employment. However, psychologists may refute this idea. There are genetic factors that interplay with environmental factors that then result in criminal behavior. Murderers, for instance, may have a different brain structure that impacts their perception of human life. Even if one believed the state failed in terms of justice, not all people would turn to murder in response. Only those with certain biological factors and experiences might take a person's life.</span>
The term deviance can be defined as a violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores or codified law. Thus the correct answer is B.
<h3>What is deviance?</h3>
Any type of behavior that does not correspond to a social group's standards and expectations of society is referred to as Deviance. Deviance is strongly linked to the concept of criminal, which refers to behavior that violates the law.
It emphasizes standards of living and improves loyalty, it creates social relationships among those responding to the deviation, and it has the potential to lead to bring constructive changes in society.
High crime rates are enhanced by certain psychosocial aspects of urban areas. The positive effect of deviance control is it increases unity in society by encouraging social relationships.
Therefore option B violation of cultural and social norms or codified law is the appropriate answer.
Learn more about Deviance, here:
brainly.com/question/14846373
#SPJ1
Answer:
Explanation:
Social structure <u>in both</u><em> Latin America before the wars for Independence and France before the French revolution</em> was <em>characterized by rich ruling minority and poor subjugated majority</em>. The Catholic Church represented by the Clergy occupied the top position in both Latin America, followed by nobles in France and Peninsulars in Latin America. The poor minority in these regions was heavily taxed and mistreated which lead to revolting against the ruling higher classes.
Meanwhile, the <u>key difference</u> between social structures in Latin America and France was laying in the fact that <u>in Latin America it was heavily marked by ethnicity</u>, while <u>in France it was not</u>.
For example, in major parts of Latin America, Peninsulars were the pure-blood noble Spaniards that came from Spain to rule over Spanish colonies (corresponding to French nobles). On the bottom of Latin American social structure were Mulatto (mix of white an black blood), Mestizos (mix of white and Indigenous American blood) and ultimately African slaves.
