Answer:
C4H8O4
Explanation:
To determine the molecular formula, first, let us obtain the empirical formula. This is illustrated below:
From the question given, we obtained the following information:
C = 45.45%
H = 6.12%
O = 48.44%
Divide the above by their molar mass
C = 45.45/12 = 3.7875
H = 6.12/1 = 6.12
O = 48.44/16 = 3.0275
Divide by the smallest
C = 3.7875/3.0275 = 1
H = 6.12/3.0275 = 2
O = 3.0275/3.0275 = 1
The empirical formula is CH2O
The molecular formula is given by [CH2O]n
[CH2O]n = 132.12
[12 + (2x1) + 16]n = 132.12
30n = 132.12
Divide both side by the coefficient of n i.e 30
n = 132.12/30 = 4
The molecular formula is [CH2O]n = [CH2O]4 = C4H8O4
Answer:
Sodium-calcium exchanger on the sarcolemma
Explanation:
The sodium-calcium exchanger which is an antiporter membrane protein, removes calcium from cells. The energy of the electrochemical gradient of sodium is used by allowing it to flow down its gradient while moving across the plasma membrane
The counter-current is the process that occurs in the excretory system. The limbs become the multiplier because of the active transport of the electrolytes that move out.
<h3>What is the loop of Henle?</h3>
The loop of Henle is the part of the excretory system and part of the nephron. It functions in minimizing the water loss in the excretion of urine. There are descending and ascending loops present.
The ascending loop is impermeable to water but permeable to the electrolytes, and hence the concentration of the sodium, potassium, and chloride ions are actively pumped. This makes the solution more concentrated in the ascending loop.
Therefore, the electrolyte concentration results in active transport.
Learn more about the loop of Henle here:
brainly.com/question/13191804
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Answer:
democritus is the first person
