Answer:
The basic steps of the scientific method are: 1) make an observation that describes a problem, 2) create a hypothesis, 3) test the hypothesis, and 4) draw conclusions and refine the hypothesis.
Explanation:
C
As the cap helps it to move around while the tail prevents enzymes from eating the RNA
Answer:
Translation is the second part of the central dogma of molecular biology: RNA → Protein. It is the process in which the genetic code in mRNA is read to make a protein. Translation is illustrated in the diagram below. After mRNA leaves the nucleus, it moves to a ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.
Explanation:
Within the ribosome, the rRNA molecules direct the catalytic steps of protein synthesis — the stitching together of amino acids to make a protein molecule. In fact, rRNA is sometimes called a ribozyme or catalytic RNA to reflect this function.
Answer:
mRNA is “messenger” RNA. mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus using the nucleotide sequence of DNA as a template. This process requires nucleotide triphosphates as substrates and is catalyzed by the enzyme RNA polymerase II. The process of making mRNA from DNA is called transcription, and it occurs in the nucleus.
An intron is a non-coding region of DNA. During alternative splicing, introns are removed.
- During eukaryotic transcription, a fragment of DNA (e.g., a gene) is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA sequence, usually a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA).
- Subsequently, this pre-mRNA is processed by a mechanism called alternative splicing in order to produce a mature mRNA which is then used as template to synthesize a protein by a process called translation.
- During alternative splicing, non-coding regions of a gene called 'introns' are removed, where coding regions called 'exons' are spliced back together.
- If a cell transcribed and translated a gene’s intron by mistake, then additional amino acids would be inserted into the protein and therefore the resulting protein will be longer than normal.
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