Answer:
-1, -1
Step-by-step explanation:
It’s d, looks like you got it already! With ratios, just pay attention to not only the numbers but order of the words as well, so you can be sure the ratio follows the problem.
Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:
Given
-- initial area
-- rate
--- (years)
Required
Represent as an exponential function
An exponential function has the form:

Where

and 

Substitute values for a and b, we have:

Convert percentage to decimal


Hence, the exponential function that represents the scenario is: 
Answer:
The sampling method applied is Cluster sampling.
Step-by-step explanation:
A cluster sampling method is the type of sampling where first the entire population is divided into homogeneous groups. Then a random sample of these groups are selected.
After selecting a sample of groups, a random sample of fixed size is selected from each group.
In this case all freshmen are first divided into 30 sections, then 4 random sections are selected and the students in those 4 sections are sampled.
The sampling method applied is Cluster sampling.