Answer:
Reflective
Explanation:
The radiation pressure of the wave that totally absorbed is given by;

 and While the radiation pressure of the wave totally reflected is given by;

Now compare the two-equation you can clearly see that the pressure due to reflection is larger than absorption therefore the sail should be reflective. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
15 min
Explanation:
take 0.25 and put it in for 1.00 and you will see its 0.25 but when you add it all 4 times it is 1.00 so then you would take that and do it to the hour ... how many times does four go into 60 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
a) 4.485 kg b) 3.94 kg
Explanation:
since the maximum tension the line can stand is 44 N and for question a the speed is constant (acceleration must be zero since the velocity or speed is not changing), F(tension) = mass * acceleration due to gravity (g) .
44 = m * 9.81m/s^2
m = 44/9.81 = 4.485kg 
b) F(tension) = ma + mg ( where a is the acceleration of the body and g is the acceleration of the gravity)
44 = m (a +g) 
44 = m (1.37 + 9.81)
44/11.18 = m
m = 3.94 kg 
 
        
             
        
        
        
A, b and d
Competition for fix resources of course increases the
energy expenditure needed to gather those resources and leaves less for a
given population. A lower amount of sunlight or water also contributes
to decreased energy which lowers growth. Finally, small borders limit
growth in that population density can only go so high before the death
rate increases beyond the birth rate.