<span>The
answer is Helium-4. These are two protons and two neutrons bound together. Alpha radiation
is the least powerful of the 3 types of radiation: the others being gamma and beta. Nonetheless,
it is the most densely ionizing. Alpha and beta radiation
release actual matter while gamma emits electromagnetic
<span>radiation</span></span>
Oxidized hydrogen does not participate in mineral formation.
<span>Translation
</span>Remember that transcription happens in the nucleus as it changes from DNA
to mRNA. In translation,
the mRNA first has to leave the
nucleus and go into the cytoplasm of the cell.
The process of translation actually occurs in the cell’s ribosomes.
<span>
</span>The process of translation uses the genetic code on the mRNA strand to
direct the construction (making) of a protein molecule. <span>
</span>1. A ribosome attaches to an mRNA
molecule in the cytoplasm.<span>
</span>2. As each codon passes through the
ribosome, tRNA molecules bring the matching amino acids into the ribosome. Each tRNA has a set of 3 unpaired nitrogenous
bases called an anticodon which matches up with the codon coming through the
ribosome. So one end of a tRNA has an
anticodon and the other end carries the amino acid which is how the code is
translated.<span>
</span>3. The ribosome and the rRNA
molecules it contains attach the amino acids together as they are being
translated. The protein chain will keep
growing until the ribosome reaches the stop codon on the mRNA. At that point, translation is done and the
ribosome lets go.
Hope this helps!!!
Answer: adaptive immune response
Explanation:
Autoimmune disorders are caused by different microoorganism and drug which manipulates the immune system in a way that immune system become unable to recognise between self antigen and foreign antigen. In that case immune system treats foreign antigen as self antigen which cause systemic or organ specific damage.
The exact cause of autoimmune disorders is unknown and hence it is thought that it is caused by adaptive immune response which builds against self antigens and causes damage to the cells.
Hence, some autoimmune disorders are thought to be caused by adaptive immune response.
Hi the rectal route is preferred over the oral route because- rectal medications are usually not subject to first pass metabolism.
Hope this helps.
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