In a titration process, the unknown or the analyte with a known volume is placed in a flask and the titrant whose concentration is known is placed in the burette. The indicator in the titration process is generally added to the flask with the analyte.
The correct answer is a. This is because the pH of a solution is defined as -log10(concentration of H+ ions). An inverse logarithmic scale such as this means that a solution with a lower concentration of H+ ions will have a higher pH than one with a higher concentration. Therefore we know that the pH of the second sample will be higher than the first.
Since the logarithmic scale has the base 10, a change by 1 on the scale is a consequence of multiplication/division of the H+ concentration by a factor of 10. As the scale is inverse, this means that a decrease of concentration by factor 1000 is equivalent to increasing the pH by (1000/10) = 3.
When the amount of gas in a container is increased, the volume increases. Lussac's law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas held at constant volume is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
B. Developing theories using many lines of evidence
