1. Ge
2. Fe
3. Zn
Remember, electronegativity decreases down a group (vertically) and increases across a period (horizontally) on the periodic table. :)
Answer: This is a typical acid/base equilibrium problem, that involves the use of logarithms.
Explanation:We assume that both nitric acid and hydrochloric acid dissociate to give stoichiometric
H
3
O
+
.
Moles of nitric acid:
26.0
×
10
−
3
⋅
L
×
8.00
⋅
m
o
l
⋅
L
−
1
=
0.208
⋅
m
o
l
H
N
O
3
(
a
q
)
.
And, moles of hydrochloric acid:
88.0
×
10
−
3
⋅
L
×
5.00
⋅
m
o
l
⋅
L
−
1
=
0.440
⋅
m
o
l
H
C
l
(
a
q
)
.
This molar quantity is diluted to
1.00
L
. Concentration in moles/Litre =
(
0.208
+
0.440
)
⋅
m
o
l
1
L
=
0.648
⋅
m
o
l
⋅
L
−
1
.
Now we know that water undergoes autoprotolysis:
H
2
O
(
l
)
⇌
H
+
+
O
H
−
. This is another equilibrium reaction, and the ion product
[
H
+
]
[
O
H
−
]
=
K
w
. This constant,
K
w
=
10
−
14
at
298
K
.
So
[
H
+
]
=
0.648
⋅
m
o
l
⋅
L
−
1
;
[
O
H
−
]
=
K
w
[
H
+
]
=
10
−
14
0.648
=
?
?
p
H
=
−
log
10
[
H
+
]
=
−
log
10
(
0.648
)
=
?
?
Alternatively, we know further that
p
H
+
p
O
H
=
14
. Once you have
p
H
,
p
O
H
is easy to find. Take the antilogarithm of this to get
[
O
H
−
]
.
Answer link
Answer:
Option (d) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium
Explanation:
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion. Sodium has just 1 electron in it's outmost shell and chlorine has 7.
Sodium needs 7 electrons to complete it's octet configuration and chlorine needs just 1.
Sodium can not attract 7 electrons to complete it's octet configuration instead it will easily lose the 1 electron in it's outmost shell to form cation. On the other hand, it will be difficult for chlorine to lose any of it's outmost electrons. This makes chlorine to have higher ionization energy than sodium.
Answer:
it may also become impure,I think.
