Answer: C. Reflects the inability to exclude an Individual from the benefits of someone else's purchase.
Explanation:
The Free-rider problem is a concept in economics that describes the fact that sometimes people benefit from goods and services that they wither did not pay for or underpaid for.
There has been a failure to exclude those individuals who are free-riding from the benefits of goods and services that other people are paying for. A simple example of the free-rider phenomenon is using Wikipedia. Most of those who use it do not contribute or pay for its upkeep in any way yet reap the benefits of its extensive information.
Answer:
3. Franchisors may suffer a loss of control over how their technology and brand names are used.
Explanation:
If the brand name/reputation is tarnished somewhere, it affects every franchisor
Answer:
Following are the solution to the given points:
Explanation:
For point a:
After-tax profit for each country.
For Country X:
![Tax \ [ 2,500,000 \times 20\% \ ] \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 500,000\\\\ After-tax\ \ profit\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 2,000,000](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Tax%20%5C%20%5B%202%2C500%2C000%20%5Ctimes%2020%5C%25%20%5C%20%5D%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20500%2C000%5C%5C%5C%5C%20After-tax%5C%20%5C%20profit%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%202%2C000%2C000)
For Country Y:
![Pre-tax\ \ Profit \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 2,200,000\\\\Tax\ [40,00,000 \times 10\%] \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 400,000 \\\\After-tax\ \ profit \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1,800,000](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Pre-tax%5C%20%5C%20Profit%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%202%2C200%2C000%5C%5C%5C%5CTax%5C%20%20%5B40%2C00%2C000%20%5Ctimes%2010%5C%25%5D%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%20400%2C000%20%5C%5C%5C%5CAfter-tax%5C%20%5C%20profit%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20%201%2C800%2C000)
For point b:
For Country X:
Lardo is expected to establish its new plant in Country X, because Country X's after tax income is higher than Country y's after-tax income [$1,800,000].
