Homozygous individuals' genotype is composed of the same type of alleles. In this example, the offspring with homozygous alleles for the smooth pod trait are SS.
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What is homozygous genotype?</h3>
The term homozygosis is used to refer to the genotype of individuals that carry the same type of alleles.
Let us remember that alleles are the alternative forms in which a gene can be expressed. 
To understand the concept, let us think about a diallelic gene, which is a gene that has two types of alleles. 
- Dominant allele → let us represent it with an A
- Recessive allele → let us represent it with an a
Homozygous individuals will have two alleles of the same type
- AA → homozygous dominant because it carries the dominant alleles
- aa → homozygous recessive because it carries the recessive alleles
Heterozygous individuals are those that carry two types of alleles, dominant and recessive → Aa
In the exposed example, 
- the dominant allele → S → codes for smooth
- the recessive allele → s → codes for constricted
Cross 1: Two homozygous individuals are crossed 
Parentals)         SS                    x               ss               
Phenotype) smooth pods                   constricted pods
F1) The first generation is composed only of heterozygous inviduals → Ss 
The whole generation has smooth pods because they carry the dominant allele which expresses the dominant phenotype.
Cross 2:  Two heterozygous individuals are crossed
Parentals)       Ss x Ss
Phenotype) smooth pods
F2) The second generation is composed of 
- 1/4 = 25% homozygous dominant indiviudals →<u> SS → smooth</u>
- 1/2 = 50% heterozygous inviduals → Ss → smooth
- 1/4 = 25% homozygous recessive indiviudals → ss → constricted
The offspring with homozygous alleles for the smooth pod trait are SS.
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