The main body of law governing collective bargaining is the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). It is also referred to as the Wagner Act. It explicitly grants employees the right to collectively bargain and join trade unions. The NLRA was originally enacted by Congress in 1935 under its power to regulate interstate commerce under the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. It applies to most private non-agricultural employees and employers engaged in some aspect of interstate commerce. Decisions and regulations of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), which was established by the NLRA, greatly supplement and define the provisions of the act.
The NLRA establishes procedures for the selection of a labor organization to represent a unit of employees in collective bargaining. The act prohibits employers from interfering with this selection. The NLRA requires the employer to bargain with the appointed representative of its employees. It does not require either side to agree to a proposal or make concessions but does establish procedural guidelines on good faith bargaining. Proposals which would violate the NLRA or other laws may not be subject to collective bargaining. The NLRA also establishes regulations on what tactics (e.g. strikes, lock-outs, picketing) each side may employ to further their bargaining objectives.
State laws further regulate collective bargaining and make collective agreements enforceable under state law. They may also provide guidelines for those employers and employees not covered by the NLRA, such as agricultural laborers.
Answer:
B) (i) and (iii) only
- (i) fixed costs.
- (iii) sunk costs.
Explanation:
When a competitive firm must decide whether it shuts down or not in the short run, it must only focus on the variable costs and the marginal revenue. As long as the marginal revenue ≥ variable cost, then the firm should continue to operate in the short run, at least until the market stabilizes.
<span>The answer is Columbian exchange. This exchange refers to an
era of cultural and biological exchanges among the New and Old Worlds.
Exchanges of animals, plants, illnesses and technology transformed European and
Native American customs of life. Starting after Columbus' discovery in 1492 the
exchange keep up throughout the years of growth and discovery. The
Columbian Exchange obstructed the social and cultural makeup of both borders of
the Atlantic. Progressions in agricultural production, development of warfare, improved
mortality rates and education are a few instances of the outcome of the
Columbian Exchange on both Europeans and Native Americans.</span>
Answer:
5.7%
Explanation:
The computation of the expected rate of return is shown below:
= (Expected return of the boom × weightage of boom) + (expected return of the normal economy × weightage of normal economy) + (expected return of the recession × weightage of recession)
= (15% × -4%) + (7% × 80%) + (5% × 14%)
= -0.6% + 5.6% + 0.7%
= 5.7%
We simply multiply the weightage with each its expected return
The weightage of the normal economy is
= 100% - 15% - 5%
= 80%
Answer:
dude there is no diagram or picture