Answer:
student 1
Explanation:
The smooth muscles contract and fatigue slowly but are not striated and are innervated by involuntary nervous system. The cardiac muscles are uninucleate and striated. The skeletal muscles are innervated by the voluntary nervous system hence concerned with voluntary movement.
<span>Lafora disease is the most severe teenage-onset progressive epilepsy, a unique form of glycogenosis with perikaryal accumulation of an abnormal form of glycogen, and a neurodegenerative disorder exhibiting an unusual generalized organellar disintegration. The disease is caused by mutations of the EPM2A gene, which encodes two isoforms of the laforin protein tyrosine phosphatase, having alternate carboxyl termini, one localized in the cytoplasm (endoplasmic reticulum) and the other in the nucleus. To date, all documented disease mutations, including the knockout mouse model deletion, have been in the segment of the protein common to both isoforms. It is therefore not known whether dysfunction of the cytoplasmic, nuclear, or both isoforms leads to the disease. In the present work, we identify six novel mutations, one of which, c.950insT (Q319fs), is the first mutation specific to the cytoplasmic laforin isoform, implicating this isoform in disease pathogenesis. To confirm this mutation's deleterious effect on laforin, we studied the resultant protein's subcellular localization and function and show a drastic reduction in its phosphatase activity, despite maintenance of its location at the endoplasmic reticulum.
I got my information from </span>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722920
The correct answer is: 5) NER recognizes helix distortions, while BER recognizes specific base damage.
DNA damage that occurs as a result of radiation, oxidizing reagents, chemicals and other mutagens can be repaired. Excision repair repairs single strand DNA damage and it includes:
• Nucleotide excision repair (NER)-it detects and repairs types of damage that distort the DNA double helix such as those of UV radiation (thymine dimers); not only the damaged nucleotide(s) are removed but also a surrounding patch of DNA
• Base excision repair (BER)-it detects and removes certain types of damaged bases (small, non-helix-distorting bases); enzyme glycosylase is responsible for this type of repair
Answer:
Club Fungi
Explanation: This fungus is a Basidiomycota and is often found under microscope level.
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