Answer:
[HF]₀ = 0.125M
Explanation:
NaOH + HF => NaF + H₂O
Adding 20ml of 0.200M NaOH into 25ml of HF solution neutralizes 0.004 mole of HF leaving 0.004 mole NaF in 0.045L with 0.001M H⁺ at pH = 3. This is 0.089M NaF and 0.001M HF remaining.
=> 45ml of solution with pH = 3 and contains 0.089M NaF from titration becomes a common ion problem.
HF ⇄ H⁺ + F⁻
C(eq) [HF] 10⁻³M 0.089M (<= soln after adding 20ml 0.200M NaOH)
Ka = [H⁺][F⁻]/[HF]₀ => [HF]₀ = [H⁺][F⁻]/Ka
[HF]₀ = (0.001)(0.089)/(7.1 x 10⁻⁴) M = 0.125M
Answer:
sp²
Explanation:
You need to look at how many electron orbitals around the atom. Looking at the structure below, you can see that there are three electron orbitals. This gives you an sp² hybridization.
state what the lab is about, that is, what scientific concept (theory, principle, procedure, etc.) you are supposed to be learning about by doing the lab. You should do this briefly, in a sentence or two. If you are having trouble writing the opening sentence of the report, you can try something like: "This laboratory experiment focuses on X…"; "This lab is designed to help students learn about, observe, or investigate, X…." Or begin with a definition of the scientific concept: "X is a theory that…."
2. give the necessary background for the scientific concept by telling what you know about it (the main references you can use are the lab manual, the textbook, lecture notes, and other sources recommended by the lab manual or lab instructor; in more advanced labs you may also be expected to cite the findings of previous scientific studies related to the lab). In relatively simple labs you can do this in a paragraph following the initial statement of the scientific concept of the lab. But in more complex labs, the background may require more paragraphs.
A lone oxygen atom has 6 electrons in its outer shell which is not very stable, whereas as full octet (8 outer shell electrons) is stable. In order to achieve this two oxygen atoms will share 4 electrons, each contributing 2 electrons. Since these electrons exist within the orbitals of both atoms, to oxygen atoms essentially achieve a full octet.
They will be stay the same all the way through. your product must be the same mass