Answer:
White petal color is a recessive trait.
Explanation:
lower case p = recessive. Since there are two lowercase p the recessive trait is expressed. Edge 2021
Testosterone is a steroid. Its physiological functions are:
Determines the the gender of a developing embryo
Development of reproductive organs and the prostrate gland in males
Responsible for secondary sexual characteristics in males such as deeper pitch, increased muscle bulk, hair on the upper lip
Regulates normal sperm development
Another is cholesterol. Physiological functions are:
Helps maintain the structure of cells and vessels improving overall health and function in the body.
Percursor to important sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen.
Used as an insulator around nerves and is absolutely essential for brain function.
Precursor to Vitamin D, which supports a healthy immune and nervous system
Dopamine is a chemical released by neurons to send signals to other nerve cells. the brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways, one of which plays a major role in reward motivated behavior.
smoking is a habit, in a habit there is the cue, routine, and reward. with smoking the cue can be different things, most commonly stress or anxiety. the routine how you react to those cues, the reward is the chemical 'triggers' that are pulled inside you're brain leaving you feeling calm, happy, or relieved, etc.
Answer:
<u>d. Transport proteins within the membrane serve as a tunnel for molecules to enter the cell.
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Explanation:
Solutes are typically moved across the cell through either passive or active transport. The cells, surrounded by a bilipid layer or plasma membrane is amphiphlic- its polar, hydrophilic lipid heads face outwards, while their non-polar hydrophobic lipid tails face inwards towards each other.
While lipid-soluble molecules move across the layer easily, it is also difficult for charged and also large molecules to move across its surface, into the cell. Transmembrane channels, <u>embedded within the membrane</u>, help to maintain selective permeability as transport proteins, pores and gated channels. Simple diffusion happens as a method of passive transport in cells through plasma membranes.
The solutes travel through the plasma membrane in the process of diffusion from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration; this occurs without the use of energy. <u>Molecules moving against their concentration require active transport mechanism to cross the membrane</u>.