Question

Discuss the distinct morphological traits associated with bipedalism. Then, discuss one theory for why humans became bipedal.

Answer 1

Major morphological characteristics The presence of a bicondylar angle, or valgus knee; a more inferiorly placed foramen magnum; a reduced or non posable big toe; a higher arch on the foot; a more posterior orientation of the anterior portion of the iliac blade; a relatively larger femoral head diameter; an increased femoral neck length; and slightly larger and anterior posteriorly elongated femoral condyles.

What is bipedalism?

Bipedalism refers to locomotion on two legs (e.g., walking, jogging, running, etc.). Although it is common to see animals standing or walking on two legs, only a few creatures use bipedalism as their primary mode of movement. Animals, such as chimps and gorillas, that temporarily acquire bipedalism in order to execute a specific role engage in a kind of movement known as facultative locomotion.

Bipedalism is not always the fastest or most efficient way to run or walk, but it offers certain benefits over certain specialized kinds of quadrupedalism. It's unclear why early hominins adopted bipedalism. Many ideas, however, contend that environmental selection forces drove the evolution of bipedalism.

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