Question

In the 17th century, Newton proposed that light was a stream of particles. The wave-particle debate continued for over 250 years until Planck and Einstein presented their ideas. Give two pieces of evidence for the wave model and two for the particle model.

Answer 1

Light as a wave

• Young's Double Slit Experiment.
• Davisson-Germer Experiment

Light as a particle

• Einsteins Photoelectric Effect Phenomenon
• Diffraction Phenomenon of Particles

Define the following terms:-

1)Photoelectric Effect

Electrons are released when a material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, such as light, and this is known as the photoelectric effect. These electrons are referred to as photoelectrons.

2)Diffraction

When a wave hits a wall or an opening, several phenomena known as diffraction take place. It is described as the interference or bending of waves through an aperture into the region of the geometric shadow cast by the obstruction or aperture.

3)Davisson-Germer Experiment

In the Davisson-Germer experiment, conducted by Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer between 1923 and 1927 at Western Electric (later Bell Labs), electrons scattered by a nickel-metal crystal's surface showed a diffraction pattern. This was an experimental turning point in the development of quantum mechanics and supported the wave-particle duality concept first put forth by Louis de Broglie in 1924.

4)Young's Double Slit Experiment.

One of the most significant physics experiments was Young's Double Slit experiment. Thomas Young directed it in 1801. Despite the fact that Huygens' experiment had demonstrated that light has a wave character, the light at the time was still thought of as a beam of particles due to Newton's renown.

Learn more about the photoelectric effect here:-

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