Signal transmission across synapses between neurons is mediated by neurotransmitter release from presynaptic axon terminals and receptor activation at postsynaptic neurons. GABA, a non-protein amino acid produced by the decarboxylation of glutamic acid, is a major neurotransmitter at inhibitory synapses in the vertebrate and invertebrates’ nervous systems. On the one hand, glutamic acid is a major excitatory neurotransmitter.
Most neurones (neurons) in the human central nervous system (CNS) send signals quickly and precisely via two primary types of neuronal activity: activation by glutamic acid and suppression by -aminobutyric acid (GABA). The activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase produces GABA from glutamic acid (GAD).
