They are all pentoses. In their linear forms, they all contain carbon carboxyl and several hydroxyl functional groups. In their linear forms, they all contain a carbonyl and several hydroxyl functional groups.
Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. Carbon is a non-metal and is tetravalent. That atom donates four electrons to form a covalent chemical bond. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. Carbon makes up only about 0.025% of the Earth's crust.
Carbon is used in some form in almost every industry in the world. It is used as fuel in the form of coal, methane gas, and crude oil (used to make gasoline). It is used to make all sorts of materials, including plastics and alloys such as steel (a combination of carbon and iron). Carbon is also found in fossil fuels such as petroleum (crude oil), coal and natural gas. Carbon is also found in dead, decaying animals and animal waste soils. Carbon is stored in the biosphere of plants and trees.
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