The structure that is responsible for releasing energy from food molecules in some singled celled organisms is MITOCHONDRIA.<span> The major function of mitochondria is to carry out cellular respiration, which make energy available for the cells to use. The mitochondria is also called the power house of the cell, because it is the organelle that specializes in turning the food molecules into the energy form that is usable by the cells.</span><span />
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The first line of barrier that support the immune system by the invading microorganisms is formed by the skin and the mucous membrane.
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What is immune system?</h3>
A network of biological processes called the immune system guards an organism against disease.
<h3>How do skin and mucous membrane support the immune system?</h3>
The skin acts as the first line of defense and has specialized immune cells that help prevent the microorganisms from entering the body.
The mucous membrane which is more sensitive and lines up the internal organs of the body can sense and eliminate the microorganisms thus helping the immune system.
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Solution :
Denaturing may be defined as the process where the protein they lose their shape and their function because there is a change in the pH level or in the temperature. Although the amino acids sequence also known as primary structure, it does not change. But the shape of the protein might change a little bit so much that it can become dysfunctional in which protein is considered to be denatured.
The enzyme, Pepsin, the breakdown protein in our stomach only operates at a very low pH level. At higher pH level, the pepsin's configuration the way the polypeptide chain is being folded up in a 3 dimension begins to change. The pH level of the stomach is maintained at a low level to ensure that pepsin continues for the digest protein and that it does not denature.
There are 4 levels of the protein structure --- they are the primary, the secondary, the tertiary and the quaternary.
The primary protein is a particular sequence of amino acids in each of the polypeptide chain that makes the protein. The final protein structure depends on this sequence.
Secondary structure arise from the interactions between the neighboring or nearby the amino acids as polypeptide starts folding into 3D form.
The tertiary structure is the most important of structural levels in determining.
The quaternary structure also applies to the proteins made from more than one polypeptide chain.
<span>The seminiferous tubules are the site of the germination, maturation, and transportation of the sperm cells within the male testes. Seminiferous tubules are made up of columnar Sertoli cells surrounded by spermatogenic cells on the epithelial interior and stem cells exteriorly.</span>
