The two enzymes that help in the generation of NADPH which is essential for fatty acid synthesis are the Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase(G6PDH) and the Malic enzyme.
NADPH is predominantly produced by the pentose phosphate pathway, either directly by the malic enzyme as it oxidized malate to pyruvate or indirectly through the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
NADP+ is used to make NADPH. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is catalyzed in the first stage by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), is the main source of NADPH in mammals and other non-photosynthetic organisms.
From glucose, the pentose phosphate pathway also generates pentose, a crucial component of NAD(P)H.
However, the Entner-Doudoroff route is also used by some bacteria, and NADPH generation is unaffected.
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