Answer: HDLs are antiatherogenic lipoproteins....
Explanation:
The anti-atherogenic effect of HDL occurs, above all, because of its properties to carry lipids, mainly cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues to the liver, which is known as reverse cholesterol transport(RCT). However, other protective actions of HDL, in addition to RCT, have been described in several experimental models and epidemiological studies. These actions include antioxidant protection, mediation of cholesterol efflux, inhibition of the expression of cell adhesion, leukocyte activation, regulation of blood coagulation and platelet activity.
Answer: Measures the antigen levels on the cell surface
Explanation: Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) measures the antigen levels on the cell surface quantitatively. Cells are dyed with a fluorescent antibody, then placed in a stream of liquid which passes the focus of a laser, and each cell emits light.
A primary reason for needing a new vaccine for influenza each year is that there could be mutation of surface proteins leading to a new outbreak
<h3>What is antigenic drift?</h3>
Antigenic drift is a phenomenon that causes small changes or mutations in the genes of influenza viruses leading to changes in their surface proteins of the virus, which are HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase).
For this reason, new influenza vaccines are produced yearly to alter the effects that may emerge as a result.
Thus, a primary reason for needing a new vaccine for influenza each year is that there could be mutation of surface proteins leading to a new outbreak
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B and C are both reasonable answers
