The defensive phenomenon is known as the "healthy paranoia." Healthy paranoia, as defined by Counseling Psychology is "a healthy, normative, and adaptive response to racism perceived by the Black Americans." In this way, it could be advantages to other people because it helps us being motivated and survive.
The Whig party was a party active in the US in the 19th century, which was similar to today's Republican party, and in fact the Republican party was partially created by the members of the Whig party. It's ideology was Liberalism and Protectionims (limiting trade with other countries).
