Afferent arteriole dilation in response to a fall in blood pressure increases the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
An essential component of renal function, glomerular filtration aids in the removal of waste products and the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance. Equation GFR = Kf × net filtration pressure, where Kf is the filtration coefficient, yields the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The renal artery pressure, afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance, and the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure all have an impact.
GFR rises as a result of an increase in glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and a decrease in resistance in the afferent arteriolar diameter. The opposite happens when the afferent arteriole's diameter is reduced. GFR rises in response to an increase in renal artery pressure. The reverse outcome will occur if renal artery pressure (or renal blood flow) is decreased.
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