a) Lysolecithins refers to the compounds, which are obtained from phosphatidylcholine, it is amphipathic in nature and comprises both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
On the basis of the composition of a lysolecithin, the choline, glycerol, and phosphate are hydrophilic in nature, while the fatty acid on C1 is hydrophobic.
b) Phospholipase refers to an enzyme, which functions on phospholipids and discharges fatty acid from the 2nd carbon of glycerol resulting in the formation of common arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids.
The phospholipase A2 comprises 15 groups out of which four are very essential, that is, cellular phospholipase A2, secreted phospholipase A2, calcium-independent phospholipase A2, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2.
They perform essential functions like pro-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial actions, bone formation, insulin secretion, apoptosis, axon regeneration, sperm development, and also function as markers of coronary heart disease.
