Answer:
mutualism and parasitism
Examples:
mutualism: crocodiles and birds
parasitism: mosquitoes and humans
Answer:
The edges or boundaries between the ecosystems and within it are the illustrating characteristics of landscapes. In a landscape, the biodiversity is affected by the composition of the landscape itself. When an area possesses boundaries or edges, which minimize the area of the habitat, it also starts to minimize the number of species, which can associate with the communities.
The multiplication of edge species can exhibit both negative and positive influences on the biodiversity of a community. On the other hand, corridors refer to the region associated with the populations of wildlife distinguished by human activities like road construction. The prime objective of designing habitat corridors is to enhance biodiversity. The corridors that have been protracted to other habitat patches can reinstate a certain degree of space and at the same time reestablish certain chances for genetic diversity.
