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Ksivusya [100]
2 years ago
9

Much of the coordination of vertebrate body functions via chemical signals is accomplished by the ________.

Biology
1 answer:
elena-s [515]2 years ago
5 0

Much of the coordination of vertebrate body functions via chemical signals is accomplished by the endocrine system.

The endocrine system is an information system composed of hormonal feedback loops that are secreted directly into the circulatory system by the body's endocrine glands and regulate distant target organs.

In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the centre of neuromodulation of all endocrine systems. The main endocrine glands in humans are the thyroid and adrenal glands.

The study of the endocrine system and its disorders is called endocrinology.

The glands that send signals to each other in sequence are often referred to as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

In addition to the specialized endocrine organs mentioned above, many other organs that are part of other body systems have secondary endocrine functions such as bones, kidneys, liver, heart and gonads.

For example, the kidneys secrete the endocrine hormone erythropoietin. Hormones are amino acid complexes, steroids, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, or prostaglandins.

Learn more about endocrine system here : brainly.com/question/1223158

#SPJ4

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Which answer best defines what the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model mathematically describes?-The competition among many preda
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Answer:

The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.

Explanation:  

The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,    

  • The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
  • The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
  • In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.  
  • When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.  
  • The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.  
  • The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.  
  • The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.  

In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.

The parameters are always constant:  

• r1: prey growth rate.  

• a1: predator hunting success.  

• r2: predator growth rate.  

• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.

In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.

In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.

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Take a look at the image of a karyotype below. What can you tell from this karyotype?
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C. this individual is a male since he has  X and Y chromosomes

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Explanation:

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All of the following are found only in plant cells except
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There is no answer to that.

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None of the options are correct.

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