Answer: After seven months.
Explanation:
The blood carries various substances that must be transported from one part of the body to another. Red blood cells are an important component of the blood because their function is to carry oxygen to the body tissues and exchange it for carbon dioxide, which is carried and removed by the lungs.
Erythropoiesis is the process of red blood cell (erythrocyte) production. It is stimulated by a decrease in O2 in the circulation, detected by the kidneys, which then secretes the hormone erythropoietin. This hormone stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of red blood cell precursors, which triggers an increase in erythropoiesis in hematopoietic tissues and ultimately in the production of red blood cells. <u>In adults, red blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow.</u>
In early developing fetuses, erythropoiesis occurs in the mesodermal cells of the yolk sac. In the third or fourth month, erythropoiesis moves to the liver. After seven months, erythropoiesis occurs in the bone marrow.
Answer:
Hypotheis:
<em>If high amounts of product in the samples, '+++' , correlates with optimal temperatures and pH for enzyme activity, then...</em>
- <u>A- Pepsin</u>
- <u>B- Amylase </u>
- <u> C- thermophilic enzyme</u>
Explanation:
Enzymes are specialized proteins that function as biological catalysts- <u>they speed up chemical reactions.</u> As proteins, these are susceptible to changes in temperature and pH- they function best at optimal values for both conditions, but can be denatured, rendering them inactive at relative extremes.
Each enzyme provided has its own optimal temperature and pH values.
- Thermophilic enzymes are usually found in regions characterized by high temperatures. They show high thermostability, and do not become denatured at high temperatures- they thrive, and do not function well at lower temperatures.
- Amylase is a hydrolase digestive enzyme found in the mouth, that acts on polysaccharides like starch to break 1,4 glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules. It works best at a physiological (neutral) pH and temperatures (around 37°)
- Pepsin, another digestive enzyme, is a peptidase that breaks down proteins into peptide molecules. It is found in the stomach lining, where the pH is typically low i.e. acidic due to the hydrochloric acid in digestive juices.
Thus from the table A- pepsin, B- Amylase and C- thermophilic enzyme can be hypothesized.
C) <em>The frequency of heterozygotes is given by (p + q)/N, where N is the number of individuals in the population.</em>
