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Lady_Fox [76]
1 year ago
15

When there is a cut in the skin and bacteria enter the body, the immune system responds. First, macrophages approach the area of

the cut. Next, the macrophages surround any bacterial cells and engulf them. What feature of the immune system is best described by this scenario?
A.
self-recognition, which is a part of adaptive immunity
B.
the phagocytotic barrier, which is a part of innate immunity
C.
antigen specificity, which is a part of adaptive immunity
D.
the inflammatory barrier, which is a part of innate immunity
Biology
1 answer:
Lelechka [254]1 year ago
6 0

The feature of the immune system which is best described by this scenario which involves engulfing of bacterial cells is the phagocytotic barrier, which is a part of innate immunity and is denoted as option B.

<h3>What is Immune system?</h3>

This is part of the body which is responsible for protection and helps to fight germs and diseases through the white blood cells which are present in the body system.

The immune system comprises of macrophages which engulfs the pathogen through the process known as phagocytosis which is why phagocytotic barrier which is a part of innate immunity was chosen as the correct choice.

Read more about Immune system here brainly.com/question/6612564

#SPJ1

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Each of the four pedigrees that follow represents a human family within which a genetic disease is segregating. Affected individ
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 Answer:

<u> The following four traits are -: </u>

  • <u>Pedigree 1 -</u> A recessive trait (autosomal recessive)  is expressed by pedigree 1.
  • <u>Pedigree 2- Recessive inheritance is defined by Pedigree 2. </u>
  • <u>Pedigree 3</u> - The inheritance of the dominant trait (autosomal dominant) is illustrated by Pedigree 3.
  • <u>Pedigree 4-</u> An X-like dominant trait is expressed by Pedigree 4.    

Explanation:

<u>Explaination of each pedigree chart</u>-

  • Pedigree 1 demonstrates the <u>recessive trait </u>since their children have been affected by two unaffected individuals. If the characteristics were X-linked, in order to have an affected daughter, I-1 would have to be affected. X^A In this, both parents are autosomal recessive trait carriers, so the child will be affected by a 1/4 (aa)
  • <u> Recessive inheritance</u> is defined by <u>Pedigree 2</u>. This is<u> X-related inheritance as autosomal recessive</u> inheritance has already been accounted for in part 1. This inference is confirmed by evidence showing that the father (I-1) is unaffected and that only the sons exhibit the characteristic in generation II, suggesting that the mother must be the carrier. The individual I-2 is a carrier for this X-linked trait. A typical  Xa chromosome is attached to the unaffected father (I-1), so the chance of carrier II-5 is 1/2. Probability of an affected son = 1/2 (probability II-5 is a carrier) x 1/2 (probability II -5 contributes (X^A) x 1/2 (probability of Y from father II-6) = 1/8. An affected daughter's likelihood is 0 because a typical X^A must be contributed by II-6.
  • The inheritance of the<u> dominant trait</u> is demonstrated by <u>Pedigree 3 </u>because affected children still have affected parents (remember that all four diseases are rare). The trait must be <u>autosomal dominant</u> because it is passed down to the son by the affected father. There is a 1/2 risk that the heterozygous mother (II-5) would pass on mutant alleles to a child of either sex for an autosomal dominant feature.
  • <u>Pedigree 4</u> is an <u>X-linked dominant function</u> characterized by the transmission to all of his daughters from the affected father but none of his son. On the mutant X chromosome, the father (I-1) passes on to all his daughters and none of his sons. As seen by his normal phenotype, II-6 therefore does not bear the mutation. An affected child's likelihood is 0.    

In the question the pedigree chart was missing ,hence it is given below.

     

7 0
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8 0
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5 0
3 years ago
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Which of the following statements is the most likely explanation for plant withering due to leaky membranes in cold temperatures
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Answer:

C. H+ ions do not accumulate inside the thylakoid, so ATP synthase makes too little ATP.

Explanation:

Plant withering refers to the virtual death of plant cells due to lack of food. During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, ATP needed for the synthesis of sugar (food) is created in the thylakoid membrane of the CHLOROPLAST of plant cells.

In the light-dependent reaction, hydrogen ions (H+) builds up/accumulate in the thylakoid lumen to create an electrochemical or proton gradient i.e. a difference in the concentration of H+ ions across the membrane. The hydrogen ions passes through a protein complex called ATP synthase, which forms ATP from ADP (by adding phosphate group), from the energy generated by the electrochemical gradient formed as a result of hydrogen in (H+) build up.

Hence, a plant that possess leaky membrane due to the cold temperature will likely wither because H+ ions are not able to accumulate inside the thylakoid causing a proton gradient, so ATP synthase makes too little ATP.

4 0
3 years ago
Which is a phenomenon that can result from directional selection? a. There is an increase in the number of different breeds of d
anzhelika [568]

Answer:

B) There is an increase in the number of giraffes with long necks in areas of Africa where low-growing trees have died

Explanation:

The directional selection is one of the ways of the natural selection in which the natural selection selects or favours the most extreme trait of the species and the extreme trait show higher fitness than the normal or average trait.

In the given question, the case of Giraffe necks shows directional selection as the normal length of the neck is not favoured by the environment but the extreme trait that is long neck is favoured by the environment and the selection shifted to that level.

Thus, Option-B is the correct answer.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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