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Studentka2010 [4]
3 years ago
13

A 150.0 mL solution of 2.888 M strontium nitrate is mixed with 200.0 mL of a 3.076 M sodium fluoride solution. Calculate the mas

s of the resulting strontium fluoride precipitate. mass: g Assuming complete precipitation, calculate the final concentration of each ion. If the ion is no longer in solution, enter a 0 for the concentration. [ Na + ] = M [ NO − 3 ] = M [ Sr 2 + ] = M [ F − ] = M
Chemistry
1 answer:
Lelechka [254]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Mass SrF2 produced = 38.63 g SrF2 produced

[Na^+]:  = 1.758 M

[NO3^-]:  = 1.238 M

[Sr^2+] = 0.3589 M

[F^-] = 2.36*10^-5 M

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Volume of 2.888M strontium nitrate = 150.0 mL = 0.150 L

Volume of 3.076 M sodium fluoride = 200.0 mL = 0.200 L

Step 2 : The balanced equation

Sr(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaF(aq) → SrF2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq) → Sr2+ + 2F- + 2

Step 3: Calculate moles strontium nitrate

Moles Sr(NO3)2 = Molarity * volume  

Moles Sr(NO3)2 = 2.888 M * 0.150 L

Moles Sr(NO3)2 = 0.4332 moles

Step 4: Calculate moles NaF

Moles NaF = 3.076 M * 0.200 L

Moles NaF = 0.6152 moles

It takes 2 moles F^- to precipitate 1 mole Sr^2+, so F^- is limiting.

Step 5: Calculate limiting reactant

For 1 mol of Sr(NO3)2 we need 2 moles of NaF to produce 1 mol of SrF2 and 2 moles of NaNO3

NaF is the limiting reactant. It will completely be consumed (0.6152 moles).

Sr(NO3)2 is in excess. There will react 0.6152/2 = 0.3076 moles

Moles Sr^2+ precipitated by F^- = 0.3076

There will remain 0.4332 - 0.3076 = 0.1256 moles of Sr(NO3)2

Moles Sr^2+ no precipitated (left over) = 0.1256 moles

Step 6: Calculate moles SrF2  

For 1 mol of Sr(NO3)2 we need 2 moles of NaF to produce 1 mol of SrF2 and 2 moles of NaNO3

For 0.6152 moles NaF we have 0.6152/2 = 0.3076 moles of SrF2

Mass SrF2 produced:  0.3076 mol * 125.6 g/mol = 38.63 g SrF2 produced

Step 7: Calculate concentration of [Na+] and [NO3-]

Since both Na^+ and NO3^- are spectator ions, and the final volume is 150 ml + 200 ml = 350 ml (0.350 L), the concentrations of Na^+ and NO3^- can be calculated as follows:

[Na^+]:  (200 ml)(3.076 M) = (350 ml)(x M) and x = 1.758 M

[NO3^-]:  (150 ml)(2.888 M)(2) = (350 ml)(x M) = 1.238 M

Step 8: Calculate [Sr^2+] and [F^-]

[Sr^2+] = 0.1256 moles/0.350 L = 0.3589 M

To find [F^-], one needs the Ksp for SrF2.  There are several values listed in the literature. I am using a value of 2x10^-10.

SrF2(s) <==> Sr^2+(aq) + 2F^-(aq)

Ksp = [Sr^2+][F^-]²

2x10^-10 = (0.3589)(x)²

x² = 5.57*10^-10

x = [F^-] = 2.36*10^-5 M

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The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Calculate the initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C, if [A]=0.50 M and [B]=0.075 M. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.Consider the reaction

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whose rate at 25°C was measured using three different sets of initial concentrations as listed in the following table:

The table is attached below as an image.

<u>Answer:</u> The initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C is 2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}

<u>Explanation:</u>

Rate law is defined as the expression which expresses the rate of the reaction in terms of molar concentration of the reactants with each term raised to the power their stoichiometric coefficient of that reactant in the balanced chemical equation.

For the given chemical equation:

A+2B\rightleftharpoons C

Rate law expression for the reaction:

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where,

a = order with respect to A

b = order with respect to B

  • Expression for rate law for first trial:

5.4\times 10^{-3}=k(0.30)^a(0.050)^b ....(1)

  • Expression for rate law for second trial:

1.1\times 10^{-2}=k(0.30)^a(0.100)^b ....(2)

  • Expression for rate law for third trial:

2.2\times 10^{-2}=k(0.50)^a(0.050)^b ....(3)

Dividing 2 by 1, we get:

\frac{1.1\times 10^{-2}}{5.4\times 10^{-3}}=\frac{(0.30)^a(1.00)^b}{(0.30)^a(0.050)^b}\\\\2=2^b\\b=1

Dividing 3 by 1, we get:

\frac{2.2\times 10^{-2}}{5.4\times 10^{-3}}=\frac{(0.50)^a(0.050)^b}{(0.30)^a(0.050)^b}\\\\4.07=2^a\\a=2

Thus, the rate law becomes:

\text{Rate}=k[A]^2[B]^1       ......(4)

Now, calculating the value of 'k' by using any expression.

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

5.4\times 10^{-3}=k[0.30]^2[0.050]^1\\\\k=1.2M^{-2}s^{-1}

Calculating the initial rate of formation of C by using equation 4, we get:

k=1.2M^{-2}s^{-1}

[A] = 0.50 M

[B] = 0.075 M

Putting values in equation 4, we get:

\text{Rate}=1.2\times (0.50)^2\times (0.075)^1\\\\\text{Rate}=2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}

Hence, the initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C is 2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}

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