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Fynjy0 [20]
11 months ago
13

A budgeting process that involves the input and negotiation of several layers of management describes the management philosophy

of __________ budgeting.
Business
1 answer:
chubhunter [2.5K]11 months ago
6 0

A budgeting procedure that includes the enter and negotiation of numerous layers of control describes the control philosophy of Participative budgeting.

The required details for Participative budgeting in given paragraph

Participative budgeting is a procedure below which humans impacted with the aid of using a price range are actively concerned within side the price range advent procedure. This method offers lower-stage managers a more feel of possession within side the ensuing price range. A basically participative price range does now no longer take high-stage strategic issues into account, so control desires to offer personnel with hints concerning the general path of the business enterprise and the way their man or woman departments suit into it. When participative budgeting is used for the duration of an business enterprise, the initial budgets paintings their manner up via the company hierarchy, being reviewed and probably changed with the aid of using mid-stage managers alongside the manner.

Advantages of Participative Budgeting

This bottom-up method to budgeting has a tendency to create budgets which might be greater workable than are top-down budgets which might be imposed on a business enterprise with the aid of using senior control, with tons much less worker participation.

To know about Participative budgeting click here

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Ted dies with assets consisting only of long-term investments. He leaves $5,000,000 to his children and the remainder to his wif
WITCHER [35]

Answer:

B) $9,500, 000

Explanation:

The tax basis for Ted's estate is $9,500,000, ans since it falls under the current federal estate tax exemption($11,400,000), his wife and children do not have to pay any estate taxes.  If Ted's family sells the assets before the six month alternate valuation is effective, then their tax basis will be the same as Ted's estate ($9,500,000).

3 0
3 years ago
A 30-year maturity bond making annual coupon payments with a coupon rate of 8.5% has duration of 12.88 years and convexity of 23
marin [14]

Answer:

a. Predicted Price = $1815.52

b. Predicted Price = $1,834.64

c. Predicted Price = $1425.4

Explanation:

The actual price of the bond as a function of yield to maturity is:

Yield to maturity --- Price

7% $1,620.45

8% $1,450.31

9% $1,308.21

a.

Using the Duration Rule, assuming yield to maturity falls to 6%:

Predicted price change = (-D/(1 + y)) * ∆y * Po

Where D = Duration = 12.88 years

y = YTM = 7%

∆y = 6% - 7% = -1%

Po = $1,620.45

So, Predicted Change = (-12.88/(1 + 0.07)) * -0.01 * 1,620.45

Predicted Change = 195.0597757009345

Predicted Change = $195.06 ----- Approximated

Therefore the new Predicted Price

= $1,620.46 + $195.06

= $1815.52

b.

Using Duration-with-Convexity Rule, assuming yield to maturity falls to 6%

Predicted price change

= [(-12.88/(1 + 0.07)) * (-0.01) + (½ * 235.95 * (-0.01²))] * 1,620.45

= 214.1770345759345

= $214.18 ------ Approximated

Therefore the new Predicted Price

= $1,620.46 + $214.18

= $1,834.64

c.

Using the Duration Rule, assuming yield to maturity rise to 8%:

Predicted price change = (-D/(1 + y)) * ∆y * Po

Where D = Duration = 12.88 years

y = YTM = 7%

∆y = 8% - 7% = 1%

Po = $1,620.45

So, Predicted Change = (-12.88/(1 + 0.07)) * 0.01 * 1,620.45

Predicted Change = -195.0597757009345

Predicted Change = -$195.06 ----- Approximated

Therefore the new Predicted Price

= $1,620.46 - $195.06

= $1425.4

4 0
3 years ago
A retired athlete built a gym near his house that could be used for free by all the residents in the neighborhood. However, the
zhuklara [117]

Answer:

Tragedy of the commons.

Explanation:

The "Tragedy of the Commons" refers to the phenomenon where People overuse a common resource. It is a situation arise when individual user share resources with much other and demand increase in comparison to the supply of resources, which lead to depletion, destruction, or damage to resources due to overconsumption. It can be prevented by using certain measures like fixing ownership of resources, assigning basic rules and regulations for usage of resources, penalizing for damage, etc.

In the given case, a retired athlete built a gym and made it common and free for neighborhood residents, which lead to overuse of gym facility and that is a tragedy of common arise.

4 0
3 years ago
You purchased shares of stock one year ago at a price of $62.37 per share. During the year, you received dividend payments of $1
andreyandreev [35.5K]

Answer:

real rate of return= 10.93%

Explanation:

The return on equity is the sum of the dividends earned and capital gains made during the holding period of the investment.

Dividend is the proportion of the profit made by a company which is paid to shareholders.  

Capital gains is another type of the return made on an equity investment as a result of increase in the value of the shares. It is difference between the cost of the share and the value at the time of disposal.

Therefore, we can can compute the return on the investment as follows:

Capital gain =  $69.49- 62.37 = 6.92

Dividend -= 1.77

Nominal return on stock= (1.77 + 6.92)/ 62.37 × 100 =  13.93 %

Inflation is the increase in the price level.It erodes the value of money.rise in the price of money  

Nominal interest is that quoted for investment or loan transactions. It has not been been adjusted for inflation.  

Real interest rate is the amount of interest in terms of the the quantity of good and services that can be purchased. It is the nominal interest rate adjusted for inflation.  

The relationship between inflation, real return and nominal return rate is given using the Fishers Effect;  

N = ( (1+R) × (1+F)) - 1  

N- nominal rate, R-real rate, F- inflation  

real rate of return = (1.1393)/ (1.027)- 1 = 0.1093

real rate of return = 0.1093 × 100 = 10.93%

real rate of return= 10.93%

8 0
3 years ago
The required return on the stock of Moe's Pizza is 10.4 percent and aftertax required return on the company's debt is 3.28 perce
Katarina [22]

Answer:

WACC - new project = 6.408% rounded off to 6.41%

Explanation:

The WACC or weighted average cost of capital is the cost of a firm's capital structure. The capital structure can consist of one or more of the following components namely debt, preferred stock and common equity. The WACC is calculated as follows,

WACC = wD * rD * (1 - tax rate)  +  wP * rP  +  wE * rE

Where,

  • w represents the weight of each component
  • r represents the cost of each component
  • D, P and E represents debt, preferred stock and common equity
  • rD * (1 - tax rate) is the after tax cost of debt

We first need to calculate the WACC of the company and then adjust it for the new project.

WACC = 35% * 3.28%  +  65% * 10.4%

WACC = 7.908%

As the new project is less risky and has an adjustment factor of -1.5%, the required rate of return for the new project will be,

WACC - new project = 7.908%  -  1.5%  

WACC - new project = 6.408% rounded off to 6.41%

4 0
3 years ago
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