Answer:
1-4-2-3-5
Explanation:
The PDHC is made up of multiple copies of 3 different enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH, E1: 20-30 copies), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT, E2: 60 copies) and dehydrogenase dihydrolipoamide, (DLD, E3: 6 copies). The complex also requires five different coenzymes: CoA, NAD +, FAD +, lipoic, and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Three of the complex coenzymes are closely linked to the complex enzymes (TPP, lipoic acid, and FAD +) and two are used as carriers of the products of PDHC activity (CoA and NAD +). The pathway for oxidation of PDH from pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is a diagram below.
When something needs to be transported against its concentration gradient, or a molecule is too big to simply diffuse through a membrane, active transport has to be used. So active transport requires energy (ATP).
Examples:
1. Antiport pumps: transport one substance in one direction while transporting another substance the other way. An example of this is the sodium-potassium pump.
2. Symport pumps - uses a substance that wants to move from an area of high concentration to low concentration and carries another substance against its concentration gradient. An example of this is the sodium-glucose transport protein
3. Endocytosis - large amounts of extra cellular fluid can be taken into a cell - needs ATP to bind proteins in the cell membrane and causes them to change their shape...which eventually causes the surrounding of the fluid to be brought in (a vesicle).
4.exocytosis - opposite of above
I believe the answer is D. the green revolution was instrumental in the increase of the world's food supply, but I may be wrong because it does have some negatives.
Answer:
With a compromised immune system, people have a far more difficult time fighting off disease. Due to this, their bodies are more vulnerable to getting such diseases and cannot create the antibodies needed to fight the disease off.
Answer:
C) DNA or RNA
Explanation:
Genetic material is found in both viruses and in living single-celled organisms, such as protozoans and bacteria.
