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AURORKA [14]
3 years ago
10

Calculate the change in internal energy of the following system: A balloon is cooled by removing 0.659 kJ of heat. It shrinks on

cooling, and the atmosphere does 385 J of work on the balloon.
Physics
1 answer:
bixtya [17]3 years ago
5 0
<h2>Answer:</h2>

-310J

<h2>Explanation:</h2>

The change in internal energy (ΔE) of a system is the sum of the heat (Q) and work (W) done on or by the system. i.e

ΔE = Q + W       ----------------------(i)

If heat is released by the system, Q is negative. Else it is positive.

If work is done on the system, W is positive. Else it is negative.

<em>In this case, the system is the balloon and;</em>

Q = -0.659kJ = -695J    [Q is negative because heat is removed from the system(balloon)]

W = +385J  [W is positive because work is done on the system (balloon)]

<em>Substitute these values into equation (i) as follows;</em>

ΔE = -695 + 385

ΔE = -310J

Therefore, the change in internal energy is -310J

<em>PS: The negative value indicates that the system(balloon) has lost energy to its surrounding, thereby making the process exothermic.</em>

<em />

<em />

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Two bodies fall freely from different heights and reach the ground simultaneously. The time of descent for the first body is 1s
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The initial height of the first body is given by:
h_1 =  \frac{1}{2}gt^2
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Substituting t=1 s, we find
h_1 =  \frac{1}{2}(9.81 m/s^2)(1 s)^2=4.9 m

The second body takes takes t=2 s to reach the ground, so it was located at an initial height of
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3 years ago
Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 9.7-mm thick. The concentrations of carbon at the two faces are 0.664 and 0.3
cupoosta [38]

Answer:

844°C

Explanation:

The problem can be easily solve by using Fick's law and the Diffusivity or diffusion coefficient.

We know that Fick's law is given by,

J = - D \frac{\Delta c}{\Delta x}

Where \frac{\Delta c}{\Delta x} is the concentration of gradient

D is the diffusivity coefficient

and J is the flux of atoms.

In the other hand we have, that

D= D_0 e^{\frac{E_d}{RT}}

Where D_0 is the proportionality constant,

R is the gas constant, T the temperature and E_d is the activation energy.

Replacing the value of diffusivity coefficient in Fick's law we have,

J = -D_0 ^{\frac{E_d}{RT}}\frac{\Delta c}{\Delta x}

Rearrange the equation to get the value of temperature,

T=\frac{Ed}{Rln(\frac{J\Delta x}{D_0 \Delta c})}

We have all the values in our equation.

\Delta c = 0.664-0.339 = 0.325 C. cm^{-1}

\Delta x = 9.7*10^{-3}m

E_d = 82000J

D_0 = 6.5*10^{-7}m^2/s

J = 3.2*10^{-9}m^2/s

R= 8.31Jmol^{-1}K

Substituting,

T=\frac{Ed}{Rln(\frac{J\Delta x}{D_0 \Delta c})}

T=-\frac{-82000}{(8.31)ln(\frac{3.2*10^{-9}(9.7*10^{-3})}{6.5*10^{-7} (0.325)})}

T=1118.07K=844\°C

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Answer:

i.

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ii.

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iii.

a =  \frac{(v - u)}{t}  \\ ta = v - u \\ t  =   \frac{(v - u)}{a}

I hope I helped you^_^

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