Answer:
Explanation:
During an energy transfer, the collision loss for an electron can be determined by using the formula:
However; from the total stopping power & power loss of the electron;
where;
Z = atomic no. for lead = 82
E = 1.9 MeV
∴
radiational energy loss = collisional energy loss 
= 0.19475
b)
Normally, the traditional lead shielding in its pure shape contains high brittleness. However, the functionality of this carbon group chemical element is useful for protection because it has an excessive density.
Initially, the conventional lead protection however reduces the mild clarity at the same moment as plexiglass is useful for light transmittance and readability.
Moreover, the traditional lead with its high density and thickness reduces observation features, in the meantime, the plexiglass is a whole lot higher than the stated.
Finally, plexiglass contains a high dimensional balance with an excessive dielectric constant.
Answer:
(b) Yes, the earth gains momentum but the change in momentum of the earth is much lesser compared to that of everyone in the air. The resistance to motion (inertia of the earth), which is a function of its mass is so great that the earth's acceleration is small in the given time frame.
Explanation:
From Newton's second law which can be stated mathematically as
F = m(v-u)/t = ma.
By Newton's law of gravitation, there is a force between the earth and everyone in the air. This force is responsible for the change in momentum of everyone in the air and this force gives them an acceleration equal to g = 9.80m/s². By Newton's law of gravitation and Newton's third law of motion, this force is also equal to the force exerted by everyone on the earth.
For this to be true,
F = M (everyone) ×a (everyone) = M(earth) × a (earth).
And
a (earth) = {M (everyone) ×a (everyone) }/M (earth)
Then
a (earth) must be lesser than a (everyone) since M(earth) >> M(everyone).
a = change in momentum/ time
Therefore the earth will have a much lesser change in momentum which is the reason we won't notice the earth's movement.
Thank you for reading.
Buildings can affect the surface albedo.
The surface is the outermost or uppermost layer of a physical item or area. it is the element or place of the object which could first be perceived by an observer through the usage of the senses of sight and contact and is the component with which other materials first engage.
A surface is the outermost layer of any physical object. it is the part of the object that may be perceived by an observer using their experience of sight and touch and is the portion with which surrounding substances first engage.
The chemical and mechanical residences include chemical composition, grain, hardness, energy, and inhomogeneities.
Learn more about surface here:-brainly.com/question/16519513
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